API开放银行：金融科技背景下商业银行转型升级的重要方向

对API开放银行的国际、国内监管和市场动态开展现实观察,就API开放银行对商业银行数字化转型、生态圈场景建设、平台升级迭代等方面金融科技转型升级的重要影响进行分析阐述,对API开放银行创新发展的制约因素开展深入研究,并总结、提炼出商业银行推进API开放银行创新发展的对策建议。     

论著作权法对“创作者特权”的确认与限制——以“鬼吹灯”案中的作者续写权利主张为切入点

“创作自由”与“创作者的自由”是一对容易混淆的概念,《著作权法》对于这两类自由采取了不同的确认方式,不宜仅基于“创作自由”的话语扩张“创作者特权”,乃至将其主张为著作权法上的专有权利。“鬼吹灯”同人作品案中被控侵权人主张的“系列故事续写权”实为一种积极权利,不同于一审判决和既有研究中确认的消极权利,因而违背了《著作权法》第1条和第10条中对于“创作者特权”及其专有权利化主张的限制。该类主张的背景是两大法系中作品观融合导致了对于作者权益的挤压,作者权理念在法律实践中出现了反弹。从现代社会中创新的复合属性、版权利益分配格局的自发形成、我国社会中通行的权利观念等角度出发,应当坚守《著作权法》对于创作者自由的既有确认与限制机制。民法典对于一般人格权的保护则能够提供外部的制度协同。     

Exploring expanding expertise: artificial intelligence as an existential threat and the role of prestigious commentators, 2014–2018

The post-2010 technological resurgence in artificial intelligence (AI) was followed by a series of public warnings by prestigious intellectuals, scientists, and entrepreneurs presenting AI as an existential threat. While their expertise in other fields is undeniable, their knowledge of AI remains questionable. With expert studies as a theoretical point of departure, the empirical data collected narrate the events which systematically shaped this view between 2014 and 2018. This chronology captures the interplay between such statements by ‘expanding experts’ in the press and traces their impact on governmental policy documents in the EU, UK, and US, while highlighting the overall absence of experts in these debates. The conclusions recommend the inclusion of AI experts in relevant policymaking schemes and the further exploration of the networks between such prestigious individuals, the purposes and origins of emerging future/risk studies institutions, and their impact on AI R&D in the long run via empirical means.     

The educational and labor market returns to preschool attendance in Austria

Preschool attendance is widely recognized as a key ingredient for later socioeconomic success, mothers’ labor market participation, and leveling the playing field for children from disadvantaged backgrounds. However, the empirical evidence for these claims is still relatively scarce, particularly in Europe. Using data from the 2011 Austrian European Union Statistics of Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC), we contribute to this literature by studying the effects of having attended preschool for the adult Austrian population. We find strong and positive effects of preschool attendance on later educational attainment, the probability of working full time, hourly wages, and the probability that the mother is in the labor market. Full time workers at the bottom and the top of the distribution benefit less than those in the middle. Women in particular benefit more in terms of years of schooling and the probability of working full time. Other disadvantaged groups (second generation migrants; people with less educated parents) also often benefit more in terms of education and work.     

国有股的定位及在证券市场流通的必然性

国有股问题已严重制约中国证券市场的发展 ,国务院停止国有股在证券市场减持流通的决定无法解决国有股根本问题 ,反而延缓了国有股问题的最终解决。国有股要么退出股份 ,要么在证券市场彻底流通 ,恢复其本来面目。这里就此问题进行讨论并提出解决国有股流通的一些措施和建议。     

新经济时代企业如何进行非资本扩张

非资本扩张是指企业通过除有形资本(如货币资本、实物资本)以外的要素投入来发展企业的行为。非资本要素包括技术、品牌、市场资源、管理能力和企业文化等无形资产。非资本扩张是与新的企业概念相适应的,是企业发展的高级阶段。与资本扩张相比,非资本扩张具有许多优越性。非资本扩张的主要途径有品牌扩张、特许经营和非资本型企业重组等。     

我省城镇化进程中新社区居民素质现状调查研究

"村改居"这一新型社区作为城镇化的切入点和必然选择,近年来在全国各地积极推进、成效显著。而城镇化进程的主体—"村改居"社区居民的文化素质、技术能力和思想道德水平的高低直接关系到我国城镇化的进程速度和质量。本文通过对我省石家庄、唐山、秦皇岛、廊坊等市"村改居"社区居民素质的现状调查研究发现,居民素质现状有待于进一步提升,需要通过各种渠道不断提高居民的文化素质、强化居民的科技能力、增强居民的思想道德素养,从而促使"村改居"社区居民综合素质的全面提升。     

Between Neoliberal Governance and the Right to the City: Participatory politics in Berlin and Tel Aviv

Based on a comparison of Berlin and Tel Aviv, this article investigates the ways in which ensembles of participatory instruments mediate between neoliberal urban regimes and political agency shaping differentially the meaning of participation and the types of claims that can be advanced. The article gives an overview of the recent history of both cities through the lens of participatory politics. Two in‐depth case studies further examine the relationship between participatory politics and claim making in each setting: the recent conflict over a social center in the district of Friedrichshain‐Kreuzberg in Berlin and the Levinsky tent city of 2011 in Tel Aviv. In the concluding section, the article suggests that, rather than assuming that participatory tools either co‐opt movements or can be appropriated by them, we need to rethink the relationship between participatory tools, rights and recognition, and ask how participatory structures and political agency constitute each other in interwoven dynamics.     

用基尼系数衡量我国收入公平的局限性探讨

文章认为,基尼系数在衡量我国收入公平问题存在的局限集中表现在基尼系数自身存在、衡量收入公平和我国收入差距特殊性三个方面。基于此,要结合对居民主观性评判起影响作用的因素和科学的理性统计数据两方面对我国收入公平问题做出符合实际的科学判断。     

Usury laws and private credit in Lima,Peru. Evidence from notarized records

I examine the impact of usury laws on the Peruvian credit market between 1825 and 1852. Using a new data set of nearly 2,000 loans from archival sources, I show that the repeal of colonial anti-usury laws in early 1833 had an important effect on the allocation of credit in Lima. It increased interest rates and promoted access to credit. Furthermore, lenders made loans with greater maturities after the repeal of usury laws.